Causes of Manic Depression: There was discussion about the causes of Manic Depression. In discussing the possible reasons for Manic Depression distinction between reactive and endogenous disorders should be defined. "Reactive disorder conditions in which people seem to react to environmental problems precipitated. Endogenous disorder, it seems, regardless of life events and come with a patient "(Encyclopedia of Psychology, second edition). Some people believe, Manic Depression, that biological disease and others see it as a failure to adapt to personal and / or interpersonal problems. Others see it as an interaction between them. Manic Depression has been proven to fit into the endogenous, rather than a reactive pattern. Thus, assuming the biological causes of this disorder. Several different types of studies were conducted in support of the biological link to manic depression. Studies have specifically looked at the neural transmitter substances found at the synapses of the nerves in the discussion of the biological roots of Manic Depression. The lack of specific neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine and serotonin has been proposed as a reference to manic depressive disorder. "One theory, called the hypothesis of catecholamines, believes that raising the level of noradrenaline, while reducing the level of obsession to make the production of depression" (alloy 1996). This hypothesis is very difficult to verify. Thus, the only way to really come to any determination of this hypothesis, using research conducted on animals. It is hoped that this study will provide some information that tells us about the process of developing a mood disorder. Twin studies and family studies and other areas of research conducted in the search for causes of manic depression. Research has repeatedly supported the family claim that the manic-depressive patients were significantly more likely to suffer from bipolar mood disorder than the relatives of patients without. Claims like this is another idea that biological causes underlie this disease. Studies of twins was conducted in support of this assertion. Studies were conducted with both monozygotic (identical twins) and dizygotic (fraternal twins). The data show that the "harmonization of the rate of this disease is significantly higher in MZ than DZ twins" (International encyclopedia of psychiatry, psychology, psychoanalysis, and neurology). There have been problems with this conclusion, since it can be assumed that, being identical twins increases the responsibility of mental disorders, because the identification is stronger between the twins. However, twin studies are of great importance when assessing heretibility from manic depression. "Table of twin studies of affective disorders have shown that the harmonization of rates for MZ twins ranged from fifty to ninety-two per cent compared with zero and thirty-eight per cent for twins DZ" (International Encyclopedia of Psychiatry). Other studies using twins to separate the effect of biology and environment, to demonstrate the biological roots of Manic Depression. One particular study used twelve pairs of MZ twins who were reared apart from early childhood. Among these pairs, eight were confirmed by the disease. Another type of study, for the same purpose, and the division of environmental biology, was the adoption of the study. In a study using biological and adoptive parents of manic-depressive receiving "thirty-one percent prevalence of affective disorders in the biological parents of manic depression, compared with two percent in the biological parents of normal reception" has been called (alloy 1996). These results tend to support the idea of genetic predisposition to manic depression is significant, regardless of the early environment. Finally, communication studies were conducted to determine whether there is a gene that "control" the disease. "A study of bipolar probands fifty-nine and their families, almost twice as many female as male probands were found. There was a deficiency of the patient's father / son pair of bad, bad mother, the patient has a number of sons "(Winokur, 1991). The idea that the father of her son due to the rare manic-depressive disorder, suggest a possible link the X chromosome. There have been many studies that were conducted to examine this hypothesis. Some studies support the idea, while others do not. However, in general, the preponderance of evidence in favor of the s bonds, although some researchers still question whether it was proved beyond any doubt. Although much of the literature, which is about manic depression does tend to favor a genetic explanation for this disorder, some psychological approaches to understanding the Manic Depression there. Psychoanalysis, cognitive theorists and learning theorists, some professionals who use psychological approaches to explain the Manic Depression. Psychoanalysis is concentrated in early childhood and unconscious motives suggest that depressed people tend to depend heavily included and the values and standards of others in their personality structure. Therefore unable to form an adequate differentiation between self and others. In addition, analysts see the craze as "a massive failure and the reaction of major depression" (Encyclopedia of Psychology, second edition). In addition, cognitive theorists have suggested that affective disorders are associated with a failure to think about yourself, the world, and in the future. Depression can result in stress personal faults and shortcomings, and to see the world as a place of open hostility. However, they do not have to explain the manic phase of the disease. Finally, learning theorists have suggested that depressive behavior "or, perhaps, the same identical species found answers" (Encyclopedia of Psychology, second edition). Education theorists deal mainly with reinforcement. Their idea is that when the reinforcement is removed more repressed a person would take them off yourself. Here, as with cognitive theorists, again, learning theorists do not suggest the reason for the manic phase. At least, it was noted that there are psychological effects that lead to the fact that a mental disorder. For example, many people find it hard to understand what is a disorder that makes their mood swings. They tend to think that their mood swings are just part of them, and that they can not be helped. In addition, many people do not want to admit that they need to take medication for the treatment of manic depression, because they do not want to feel anything wrong with them. Finally, when some people actually agree to take medications to treat their severe mood swings, they can not "feel like themselves, and may refuse to continue their prescribed medications. There are approaches that exist, which combine biological and psychological approach to explaining and mania and depression. Although most evidence supports the idea that Manic Depression has its roots in biological imbalance, it is absolutely necessary to deal with psychological problems that may exist in conjunction with the disorder. Treatment: Treatment of Manic depression is necessary to solve both of these aspects, biological and psychological. Treatment depends on the practitioner's theoretical approach to understanding mental illness. The prognosis for patients with mood disorders are surprisingly good. "These disorders have a limited life and will change even if the raw" (Encyclopedia of Psychology, second edition). The most common method of treating patients with mood disorders are drugs. Drugs such as MAO inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants have been useful in the treatment of depression while lithium carbonate has been the choice of treatment for manic states. Monoamine oxidase (MAO) contributes to the degradation of several neurotransmitters by MAO inhibitors and blocking effect of this deficit is thought to be fixed. Tricyclic antidepressants seem to have the same effect as MAO inhibitors. Electroconvulsive therapy is used to relieve some depression. This procedure includes the "Managing the shock of about seventy to one hundred thirty volts" (alloy 1996). Proponents of this therapy claim that the use of electroconvulsive therapy and muscle relaxants were administered properly, most patients will show rapid improvement in mania and depression, and multiple complications. He did not have to go with our note that there is priligy price strong opposition to this treatment because of possible dangerous side effects that exist. Psychological approaches suggest that psychotherapy have also proved useful for the treatment of manic depression. Thus, by using other methods of treatment, in addition to drug therapy can be very helpful. Eclectic approach may be the most useful approach, since it can refer to biological and psychological aspects of the disorder. When dealing with an abnormal mental disorder, it is important to bear in mind that we may have symptoms of specific disorders, but when these symptoms escalate to a level that they interfere with our daily work, they become upset. Manic Depression is a complex disorder, which causes, course, and treatment may be all the different things. This disorder is the struggle to live, but it is not incurable. .
